Poorly designed PPPs, however, can generate social costs. Properly designed, executed, and enforced PPPs can create substantial social value. PPPs have been used to deliver network infrastructure such as roads, bridges, tunnels, and water systems, as well as social infrastructure such as schools, hospitals, prisons, and courthouses. PPPs include two key elements: bundling together, in some combination, facility design, construction, operation, maintenance, and financing, along with the meaningful transfer of infrastructure-related risks to private partners. PPP contracts have become the main vehicle to incorporate private-sector skills, resources, and risk management into the delivery of critical infrastructure facilities. The use of public-private partnerships (PPPs) is expanding globally. We recommend creating seven regional PPP units in the United States based on emerging economic megaregions, which will generate a range of benefits, including lowering the costs of completing PPPs, and the wrapping and marketing of similar projects across state lines.This may stem from traditional project delivery in the United States, which does not bundle various delivery elements, such as project design, construction, financing, operation and maintenance, together. The United States lags behind other industrialized countries in PPP use.When properly executed, public-private partnerships (PPPs) can help address those problems. The United States suffers from an array of endemic infrastructure problems.Click here for access to the complete series, which addresses a wide range of issues from rebuilding America’s military to higher education reform to helping people find work. What to Do: Policy Recommendations for 2017is an ongoing project from AEI. Editor’s note: The next president is in for a rough welcome to the Oval Office given the list of immediate crises and slow-burning policy challenges, both foreign and domestic. What should Washington do? Why should the average American care? We’ve set out to clearly define US strategic interests and provide actionable policy solutions to help the new administration build a 2017 agenda that strengthens American leadership abroad while bolstering prosperity at home.